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The Papez circuit (or medial limbic circuit), is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression. In 1937, James Papez proposed that the circuit connecting the hypothalamus to the limbic lobe was the basis for emotional experiences. Paul D. MacLean reconceptualized Papez’s proposal and coined the term limbic system. Maclean redefined the circuit as the “visceral brain” which consisted of the limbic lobe and its major connections in the forebrain - hypothalamus, amygdala, and septum. Over time, the concept of a forebrain circuit for the control of emotional expression has been modulated to include the prefrontal cortex. Recent studies show that it has a more significant role in memory functions than in emotions Some of the structures that Papez originally described such as the hippocampus now appear to have little to do with emotional behavior. == Structure == The Papez circuit involves various structures of the brain. It begins and ends with the hippocampus (or the hippocampal formation). Fiber dissection indicates that the average size of the circuit is 350 millimeters. The Papez circuit goes through the following neural pathway: hippocampal formation (subiculum) → fornix → mammillary bodies → mammillothalamic tract → anterior thalamic nucleus → cingulum → entorhinal cortex → hippocampal formation.〔Shah, A., Jhawar, S. S., & Goel, A. (2012). Analysis of the anatomy of the Papez circuit and adjoining limbic system by fiber dissection techniques. (). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 19(2), 289-298. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.04.039.〕 A photograph of the inferior medial view of the brain when dissected clearly shows the layout of the Papez circuit. Due to the location of the structures in the circuit, the resulting shape is a limbus. This is what drove MacLean to call the circuit the limbic system when he later modified the circuit. Various studies indicate that the Papez circuit is greatly influenced by the cerebellum and that perhaps the hippocampus is not the starting point of the circuit. Anatomically, this would make sense since the cerebellum is connected to the circuit with many fine fibers and fiber bundles. Chemical lesions on the cerebellum seem to have an inhibitory effect on the circuit. Animal behavioral studies show that electrical stimulation of the anterior cerebellum can cause arousal, predatory attack, and feeding responses, all of which are thought to be expressions of emotion. Overall, these studies provide evidence that the cerebellum may also be included in an emotional system of the brain.〔Snider, R. S., & Maiti, A. (1976). CEREBELLAR CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAPEZ CIRCUIT. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 2(2), 133-146. doi: 10.1002/jnr.490020204.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Papez circuit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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